Timeline November 1938

Events in November 1938 13

• 1869 – 1938 Maud of Wales (1869-1938) Died 20 November 1938, aged 68 Maud was Queen of Norway as the wife of King Haakon VII, and a daughter of Edward VII of the United Kingdom.
• 1881 – 1938 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881-1938) Died 10 November 1938, aged 57 Atatürk founded the Republic of Turkey and was its first president. He led the Turkish War of Independence and carried out wide-ranging secular, legal and alphabet reforms.
• 1889 – 1938 Vasily Blyukher (1889-1938) Died 9 November 1938, aged 48 Blyukher was a Marshal of the Soviet Union and commander in the Far East. He was arrested after the Lake Khasan battle and died under NKVD interrogation.
• 1899 – 1938 Corneliu Zelea Codreanu (1899-1938) Died 30 November 1938, aged 39 Codreanu founded Romania's fascist Iron Guard. He was killed in custody on the orders of King Carol II's government.
• 1938 Battle of the Ebro The longest and largest battle of the Spanish Civil War The Republican army crossed the Ebro River in a last major offensive and was then worn down by Nationalist counterattacks. Its defeat destroyed the Republic's army and sealed the fall of Catalonia.
• 1938 Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral A match race at Pimlico Seabiscuit beat Triple Crown winner War Admiral by four lengths in a two-horse race at Pimlico. An estimated 40 million people listened on the radio.
• 1938 First Vienna Award Hungary gains southern Slovakia Arbitration by Germany and Italy transferred southern Slovakia and part of Carpathian Ruthenia from Czechoslovakia to Hungary. The award was annulled after the Second World War.
• 1938 Kristallnacht Night of Broken Glass A violent pogrom against Jews across Nazi Germany, signaling an escalation in anti-Semitic persecution.
• 1938 Kristallnacht Nationwide pogrom against Jews in Germany and Austria Using the shooting of the diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan as a pretext, Nazi paramilitaries and civilians burned synagogues and wrecked Jewish shops and homes across the Reich. About 30,000 Jewish men were sent to concentration camps. Afterwards the Jewish community was fined one billion Reichsmarks.
• 1938 – 1979 Jean Seberg (1938-1979) Died 30 August 1979, aged 40 American actress Jean Seberg, known for Breathless and Saint Joan, was found dead in her car in Paris of a barbiturate overdose ruled a probable suicide. She had been the target of an FBI harassment campaign over her support for the Black Panther Party. Her body was discovered on 8 September, though her death is dated to 30 August 1979.
• 1938 LSD first synthesised Albert Hofmann creates lysergic acid diethylamide Chemist Albert Hofmann synthesised LSD at Sandoz in Basel while searching for a circulatory stimulant. The compound was put aside, and Hofmann did not discover its psychedelic effects until 1943.
• 1938 – 2002 Robert Nozick (1938-2002) Died 23 January 2002, aged 63 The American philosopher Robert Nozick made his name with Anarchy, State, and Utopia in 1974, a libertarian argument for a minimal state that became the main counterpoint to John Rawls's liberalism. He ranged widely in later books across decision theory, ethics and the meaning of life. He taught at Harvard for more than three decades.
• 1938 – present Oscar Robertson The Big O First player to average a triple-double for an entire season.