1810 – 1820s

Events in the 1810s 10

• 1674 – 1818 Maratha Empire The Hindu power that broke Mughal supremacy Founded by the warrior-king Shivaji, the Maratha confederacy rose to challenge and then eclipse the declining Mughals, dominating much of India in the 18th century. Their power was checked by defeat at the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) and finally broken by the British in 1818.
• 1810 – 1849 Frédéric Chopin Romantic piano poet Polish-French composer who wrote almost exclusively for the piano. His nocturnes, études, ballades and mazurkas define Romantic piano music.
• 1810 – 1856 Robert Schumann Romantic composer & critic German Romantic composer known for his piano works, Lieder and symphonies. He championed the music of Chopin and Brahms in his influential writings.
• 1811 – 1886 Franz Liszt Romantic piano virtuoso Hungarian composer and pianist who invented the symphonic poem and pushed piano technique to its limits. His transcriptions brought orchestral music to the concert hall.
• 1812 – 1870 Charles Dickens English novelist Dickens depicted Victorian society in novels like Oliver Twist, highlighting poverty and social injustice.
• 1813 – 1883 Richard Wagner Romantic opera revolutionary German composer who transformed opera into Gesamtkunstwerk — total art work. His Ring Cycle, Tristan und Isolde and Parsifal redefined music and drama.
• 1813 – 1901 Giuseppe Verdi Italian opera master The dominant figure of Italian opera, whose works — Rigoletto, La Traviata, Otello, Falstaff — combine dramatic power with unforgettable melody.
• 1815 – 1852 Ada Lovelace Mathematician & First Computer Programmer Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace, was an English mathematician best known for her work on Charles Babbage's proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. Her 1843 notes on the machine include what is recognized as the first algorithm intended to be carried out by a computer, earning her the informal title of the first computer programmer. Daughter of the poet Lord Byron, she was raised by her mother to study mathematics and science rather than poetry, a path that led her to a lifelong intellectual partnership with Babbage. Though she died young, her writings anticipated the potential of computing machines to go far beyond arithmetic.
• 1818 – 1883 Karl Marx Philosopher and political theorist Marx developed theories of capitalism and class struggle that influenced global politics and economics.
• 1818 – 1883 Karl Marx Philosopher, Economist, and Revolutionary Socialist Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, historian, sociologist, and revolutionary socialist whose ideas laid the foundation for modern communism and profoundly shaped 20th-century politics, economics, and social theory. Co-author with Friedrich Engels of "The Communist Manifesto" and author of the multi-volume "Das Kapital," Marx developed the theory of historical materialism, arguing that class struggle drives historical change. His critique of capitalism, concept of alienated labor, and vision of a classless society inspired socialist and communist movements across the globe, from the Russian Revolution to anti-colonial struggles.