1642

Events in 1642 4

• 1564 – 1642 Galileo Galilei Father of Modern Science Astronomer and physicist who championed heliocentrism, leading to his trial by the Roman Inquisition.
• 1564 – 1642 Galileo Galilei Astronomer, physicist, and father of observational astronomy Galileo Galilei was an Italian polymath whose work in astronomy, physics, and the scientific method fundamentally reshaped humanity's understanding of the universe. He built and refined the telescope to reveal the moons of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, and the true nature of the Milky Way, providing powerful evidence for the Copernican, Sun-centered model of the solar system. His insistence on empirical observation over inherited authority brought him into direct conflict with the Roman Catholic Church, culminating in his 1633 trial by the Inquisition and years of house arrest. Despite this persecution, his final work on motion and mechanics laid essential groundwork for Newtonian physics, earning him lasting recognition as one of the founders of modern science.
• 1642 – 1651 English Civil War Royalists versus Parliamentarians Civil war erupted between supporters of King Charles I and Parliament.
• 1642 – 1727 Isaac Newton Principia Mathematica Physicist who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation.